OUR TREATMENTS
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Types Of Cancer We Treat
Comprehensive care for head and neck cancers with a focus on early diagnosis, advanced treatment, and rehabilitation.
Description
A lesser-known but extremely serious health issue, oral cancer impacts millions of individuals globally. Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, begins in the mouth and may affect the lips, tongue, gums, cheeks, floor of the mouth, and even the tonsils. These cancers are often overlooked, but they can be life-threatening if ignored or left untreated.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Tobacco and Alcohol Use: Smoking, smokeless tobacco, and excessive alcohol use are among the most significant risk factors.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain HPV strains are linked to oral cancer, especially in younger individuals.
- Sun Exposure: Prolonged sun exposure, particularly on the lips, can increase the risk of lip cancer.
- Dietary Habits: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may raise risk, while a nutrient-rich diet may help reduce it.
Clinical Symptoms
- Persistent mouth sores that do not heal
- Red or white patches in the mouth
- Persistent sore throat or hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing or chewing
- Swelling, lumps, or bumps in the mouth, neck, or throat
- Numbness or pain in the lips, tongue, or oral cavity
- Unexplained weight loss
Treatment & Rehabilitation
- Surgery: Removal of the tumor and, when necessary, surrounding tissues or lymph nodes.
- Radiation Therapy: High-energy radiation used to destroy cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: Used to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells, often with radiation.
- Targeted Therapy: Used in selected cancers with specific molecular features.
- Immunotherapy: An emerging treatment that helps the immune system fight cancer.
- Palliative Care: Focuses on symptom relief and quality of life in advanced disease.
- Rehabilitation: Speech therapy, dietary support, and swallowing rehabilitation may be needed after treatment.
- Follow-Up Care: Regular monitoring is essential to detect recurrence or complications early.
The treatment plan depends on the stage, size, location of the tumor, and the patient’s overall health. In many cases, a combination of treatments is used for the best outcomes.
Preventive Strategies
- Avoid all forms of tobacco and limit alcohol consumption
- Receive HPV vaccination when appropriate
- Use lip balm with SPF and protect lips from sun exposure
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
- Schedule regular dental and oral check-ups for early detection
Description
Throat cancer refers to cancer that develops in the throat (pharynx) or voice box (larynx). Laryngeal cancer specifically affects the voice box and may interfere with speaking, swallowing, and breathing.
Symptoms
- A persistent cough
- Changes in voice or hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Ear pain
- A lump or sore that does not heal
- A persistent sore throat
Treatment
Treatment options depend on the location and stage of the cancer, the type of cells involved, HPV status, overall health, and personal preferences. These may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Each treatment plan should be discussed carefully with a specialist.
Description
Thyroid cancer is a malignant condition that originates in the thyroid gland in the neck. It develops when thyroid cells grow abnormally and form tumors. Although relatively uncommon, it is one of the most common endocrine cancers and is often highly treatable when diagnosed early.
Symptoms
- Painless lump or nodule in the neck
- Neck swelling
- Neck or ear pain
- Voice changes or hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Coughing or breathing problems in advanced cases
Diagnosis
- Physical examination of the thyroid gland
- Ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI
- Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
- Blood tests for thyroid hormone levels
Risk Factors
- Female gender
- Age between 30 and 60 years
- Family history of thyroid cancer
- Radiation exposure, especially during childhood
- Improper iodine intake
Types
- Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Most common and usually slow-growing
- Follicular Thyroid Cancer: Can be more aggressive than papillary type
- Medullary Thyroid Cancer: Develops from C cells
- Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Rare and highly aggressive
- Thyroid Lymphoma: Rare subtype affecting thyroid lymphatic tissue
Treatment
- Surgery (thyroidectomy)
- Radioactive iodine therapy
- External beam radiation
- Thyroid hormone replacement therapy
- Chemotherapy in advanced cases
Prevention and Risk Reduction
- Maintain balanced iodine intake
- Limit unnecessary radiation exposure
- Attend regular medical check-ups
- Seek early evaluation for thyroid swelling or voice changes
Description
Salivary glands produce saliva, which supports digestion and oral health. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland and lies near the ear and jawline. Parotid cancer is a rare cancer arising in this gland and can be challenging due to its location and nearby facial structures.
Types of Parotid Cancer
- Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: Most common type, with varying aggressiveness
- Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Slow-growing but can invade nerves
- Acinic Cell Carcinoma: Often has a better prognosis
- Salivary Duct Carcinoma: High-grade and aggressive
- Adenocarcinoma: Cancer arising from glandular cells
Causes and Risk Factors
- Exposure to ionizing radiation
- Family or personal history of salivary gland tumors
- Genetic syndromes such as Cowden syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis
Symptoms
- Painless lump or swelling near the ear or jaw
- Facial weakness or paralysis
- Difficulty opening the mouth
- Persistent pain in the parotid area
- Numbness or weakness on one side of the face
- Difficulty swallowing
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- CT or MRI scan
- Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
- Surgical biopsy when required
Treatment
- Surgery: Removal of the tumor or affected gland
- Radiation Therapy: Often used after surgery or for inoperable cases
- Chemotherapy: Considered in metastatic disease
- Targeted Therapy: Used for selected cancer subtypes
Prognosis
The prognosis depends on the stage, subtype, and treatment response. Early diagnosis and timely treatment offer the best possibility of successful outcomes and preserved quality of life.